Samar da Karfe Resistant HIC

Haɗaɗɗen hydrogen (HIC) yana wakiltar ƙalubalen gama gari, musamman a masana'antar mai da matatun inda tsabta da ingancin ƙarfe gabaɗaya ke da mahimmanci.

Tsarin samarwa don ƙarfe mai jure HIC ya haɗa da dabarun desulphurization masu mahimmanci gami da allurar magnesium da motsawa ta allurar argon ta ƙasa.

Samar da tsaftataccen ƙarfe yana dogara ne akan fasaha don sarrafawa da / ko cire haɗawa a cikin ƙarfe. Sau da yawa, nau'o'in da halaye na abubuwan da ba na ƙarfe ba a cikin ƙarfe suna da tasiri mai mahimmanci akan kayan aikin injiniya na karfe kuma suna ƙayyade tsabta na karfe. Don haka ana buƙatar cikakken nazarin waɗannan halaye don haɓaka aikin ƙera ƙarfe don samar da ingantattun ƙarfe.

Hydrogen induced cracking (HIC) da sulphide stress cracking (SSC) suna wakiltar nau'i biyu na takamaiman lalacewar hydrogen da ake yawan haɗuwa da su a masana'antar man fetur da matatar. A cikin shari'ar farko (HIC), an gane gabaɗaya cewa juriya na karafa ya dogara ne akan sifofin ƙananan ƙananan su - abubuwan da ba na ƙarfe ba da kuma ƙungiyoyi masu rarraba.

Ana ɗaukar sulfide na manganese masu tsayi a matsayin mafi haɗari wuraren farawa. A cikin akwati na biyu (SSC), an yi imanin cewa juriya na karafa na iya zama fifiko ga matakin ƙarfin su yayin da halayen microstructure ba su da mahimmanci. Takardar da aka gabatar ta ƙaddamar da nazarin HIC da SSC a cikin ƙananan ƙarfe-manganese, wanda ya bambanta a cikin maganin zafi (microstructure, matakin kayan aikin injiniya) da kuma tsabtarsu.

Haɗin MnS shine farkon mai cutarwa ga HIC, saboda haka, a matsayin ma'auni na asali, abun ciki na sulfur dole ne a rage shi don karafun da ake amfani da su a cikin yanayin acidic. Saboda ci gaban da ake samu a cikin aikin samar da ƙarfe, ana iya rage abun ciki na sulfur zuwa ƙaramin matakin ƙasa; kasa da 0.0008 wt. % (8ppm).

Ca magani yawanci ana amfani da domin hana samuwar elongated MnS da kuma sarrafa sulfide hada da sulfide cikin siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar, kuma idan akwai dace Ca abun ciki don tsaga juriya dukiya. Idan abun cikin Ca yana da girma idan aka kwatanta da abun ciki na S, wuce haddi Ca na iya samar da oxides waɗanda zasu iya aiki azaman mai ƙaddamar da HIC. An gabatar da sigogi da yawa waɗanda ke wakiltar ingantaccen abun ciki na Ca, kuma abun ciki na Ca yana buƙatar kulawa da hankali a cikin kunkuntar kewayo; misali, 3

Table 1: Abubuwan buƙatun sinadarai don bututun ƙarfe mai ƙarfi, [ppm]

Hoto 1 yana nuna hanya don samar da ƙarfe mai juriya na HIC. Kafin tsarin BOF, ana lalata ƙarfe mai zafi a tashar desulphurization mai zafi ta hanyar allurar magnesium da CaO. A BOF, tarkace kawai tare da ƙananan abun ciki na sulfur yakamata a caje. Aluminum don deoxidation da masu samar da slag ana ƙara su yayin tapping. Ana kuma sarrafa babban alloying a lokacin.

Daga nan sai a kai ledar zuwa tashar kumfa inda ake busa argon ta hanyar mashin sama domin a haxa qarfe da sulfur don tarwatsawa. Sa'an nan kuma, ana canja wurin ladle don maganin vacuum. The karfe ne zuga ta kasa argon allura don tabbatar da zurfin desulphurization da degassing.