Kugadzirwa kweHIC Resistant Steels
Hydrogen induced cracking (HIC) inomiririra dambudziko rakajairika, kunyanya muindasitiri yepetroleum uye yekunatsa uko kuchena uye kunaka kwese kwesimbi kwakakosha zvakanyanya.
Maitiro ekugadzira eHIC anopokana nesimbi anosanganisira akakosha desulphurization maitiro anosanganisira jekiseni remagnesium uye nekukurudzira nepasi argon jekiseni.
Kugadzirwa kwesimbi yakachena kunobva kune matekinoroji ekudzora uye / kana kubvisa inclusions musimbi. Kakawanda, mhando uye maitiro ezvisina-metallic inclusions musimbi zvine simba guru pamagetsi emagetsi esimbi uye anoonawo kuchena kwesimbi. Kuongorora chaiko kwehunhu uhwu kunodiwa kukwenenzvera nzira yekugadzira simbi yekugadzira simbi dzemhando yepamusoro.
Hydrogen induced cracking (HIC) uye sulphide stress cracking (SSC) inomiririra marudzi maviri eiyo hydrogen yakonzeresa kukuvara kunowanzosangana muindasitiri yepetroleum nekunatsa. Muchiitiko chekutanga (HIC), inowanzozivikanwa kuti kushorwa kwesimbi kunoenderana zvakanyanya nemaitiro avo e-microstructural - kwete-metallic inclusions uye mabhendi ekuparadzanisa.
Elongated manganese sulphides inoonekwa senzvimbo dzine ngozi dzekutanga. Muchiitiko chechipiri (SSC), zvinotendwa kuti kuramba kwesimbi kunogona kuve kwakabatana nedanho resimba ravo nepo microstructure maitiro asina kukosha. Iro bepa rakaunzwa rakatsaurirwa pakudzidza kweHIC neSSC mune kabhoni-manganese simbi, iyo inosiyana mukupisa kwavo kurapwa (microstructure, mwero wemichina zvinhu) uye kuchena kwavo.
Iyo MnS inosanganisirwa ndiyo inonyanya kukuvadza yekutanga yeHIC, saka, seyero yekutanga, sulfur yemukati inofanirwa kudzikiswa kune simbi dzinoshandiswa munzvimbo dzine acidic. Nekuda kwekufambira mberi mukugadzirwa kwesimbi, sulfur content inogona kudzikiswa kusvika padanho rakaderera; pasi pe0.0008 wt. % (8ppm).
Kurapa kweCa kunowanzo shandiswa kuitira kudzivirira kuumbwa kweMnS yakarebesa uye kudzora kuiswa kwe sulfide kuita spherical shape, uye kana paine yakakodzera Ca content ye crack resistance property. Kana zvirimo zveCa zvakakwirira zvichienzaniswa neS zvemukati, yakawandisa Ca inogona kugadzira maokisijeni anogona kuita semutangi weHIC. Maparamendi akati wandei anomiririra anoshanda Ca zvemukati akaunzwa, uye zvemukati zveCa zvinoda kunyatsodzorwa mumutsara wakamanikana; semuenzaniso, 3
Tafura 1: Chemical kuumbwa zvinodiwa kune yakakwirira-simba pombi simbi, [ppm]
Mufananidzo 1 unoratidza nzira yeHIC inodzivirira kugadzirwa kwesimbi. Pamberi pemaitiro eBOF, simbi inopisa inobviswa pachiteshi chesimbi inopisa desulphurization nekubayiwa kwe magnesium neCaO. PaBOF, zvimedu zvine sarufa zvakaderera ndizvo zvinofanirwa kuchajwa. Iyo aluminium ye deoxidation uye iyo slag inoumba vamiririri inowedzerwa panguva yekubata. Main alloying inogadziriswawo panguva iyoyo.
Iyo ladle inozotakurwa kuenda kunzvimbo inoputika apo argon inopeperetswa nenzira yepfumo repamusoro kuitira kusanganisa simbi uye slag nechinangwa chedesulphurization. Zvadaro, ladle inotamiswa kunorapwa vacuum. Iyo simbi inomutswa nepasi argon jekiseni kuvimbisa yakadzika desulphurization uye degassing.